Polaris transmission and distribution network: Power system has been in people's daily life for more than a century, and (GIS) substation has gradually replaced traditional substation with half of the advantages of small footprint and high reliability.
Start with the history of BB world leader brand ABB, and present the development history of China's GIS technology! Knowledge points are small: GIS is a gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear consisting of a circuit breaker, an isolating switch, a grounding switch, a transformer, a lightning arrester, a busbar, a connector, and an outlet terminal. Since its practical use in the 1960s, it has been widely used around the world. Compared with conventional open substation, GIS has the advantages of compact structure, small floor space, high reliability, flexible configuration, convenient installation, strong safety, strong environmental adaptability and small maintenance workload.
ABB Substation Development History: ABB has been producing substation equipment since the beginning of the twentieth century. The number of substation projects involved so far has exceeded that of any other supplier in the world. In 1965, ABB provided the world's first gas insulated (GIS) substation. GIS technology reduces the footprint of substations by up to 70%. Over the past 40 years, ABB has delivered tens of thousands of GIS equipment around the world, including the world's largest GIS installation, the China Three Gorges Hydropower Station (delivered in 2006, rated at 550kV). The following picture shows the actual shooting of the Three Gorges Hydropower Station substation:
Recently, ABB and the China State Grid Corporation (SGCC) have successfully increased the world record for the rated voltage of GIS switches to 1,100 kV. This technological innovation enables SGCC to build the world's most powerful long-distance AC transmission network in the coming years.
History of China's GIS: China has mastered the design and manufacturing technology of 500 kV GIS through technology introduction, digestion and absorption. The self-developed 1000 kV GIS (including the core component arc extinguishing chamber and operating mechanism) will be completely designed and manufactured.
On September 23, 2014, the State Grid News released: Zhejiang Ford High Voltage Fuzhou Station successfully completed the third phase AC withstand voltage test of 1000 kV closed-type combined electrical equipment (GIS). The whole test process included AC withstand voltage test, experienced test and local Discharge measurement, each test data meets the requirements.
Analysis: China is a big country with large population resources, and it is the world's largest power demand and production country. From relying on the introduction of foreign technology and complete equipment to independent research and development, it has completed a leap in power technology!
GIS manufacturing technology is continuously improving and developing. For more than 40 years, GIS manufacturers have carried out a lot of research on the two main objectives of improving economy and reliability, in terms of component structure, combination form, manufacturing process, and use and maintenance. Development.
GIS foreign manufacturers mainly include ABB, Toshiba, Mitsubishi, Hitachi, Siemens, and Alstom. GIS domestic well-known manufacturers are: Xi'an Xidian Switch Electric Co., Ltd. Xikai Electric is the national R&D and production base of UHV, UHV and high voltage switchgear. The product voltage level covers 72.5-1100kV, which is provided to China Power Industry and users all over the world. A large number of high-voltage switchgears with advanced technology and reliable quality have accumulated more than 12,000 GIS and 12,000 high-voltage sulphur hexafluoride circuit breakers. The 550kV GIS manufactured by Xikai Electric has been successfully applied to the world-famous Three Gorges Project and continues to operate safely. New Northeast Electric (Shenyang) High Voltage Switch Co., Ltd. provides 1100kV metal-enclosed switchgear for Nanyang Switch Station, the first UHV test demonstration project in China; Providing 800kV GIS equipment for China's first 750kV demonstration project: providing 550kV GIS equipment for the left bank and right bank power plants of the Three Gorges Project in China.
The company is committed to the brand management strategy. “NHVS†brand gas-insulated metal-sealed switchgear (GIS) has won the title of “China Famous Brand Productâ€. Pinggao Group Co., Ltd. has taken the lead in the research and development of 1100kV UHV products in China. The exchange demonstration project “Jindongnan-Nanyang-Jingmen†provided the original title of 1100kV GIS products: the development of GIS technology in China for half a century by ABB technology that changed the world!
Antenk DVI Series Digital Video Interface connectors are the standard digital interface for flat panels, video graphics cards, monitors and HDTV units. This series includes DVI-D (Digital), DVI-A (Analog) and DVI-I (Integrated Digital/Audio). Their unique crossing ground blades provide high speed performance at low cost. They are available in Straight or Right Angle PCB mount receptacles and mating male cable connectors. They support a data transfer rate of 4.95Gbps with a dielectric withstanding voltage of 500VAC. Each version features our specially designed contacts which improve signal performance and a zinc alloy shield that reduces electromagnetic interference (EMI).
Digital Visual Interface Cable Connectors
DVI ConnectorWith the advent of technologies such as DVD players, high-definition televisions, and even digital cable, the need for more advanced cables and connectors has increased. Digital Visual Interface (DVI) is one response to the growing need for interconnected systems, enabling digital systems to be connected to an array of displays. Yet DVI cables and connectors can also be complicated, and may lead to confusion between High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) and DVI. Although the two systems have much in common, they service different niches of digital technology.
Digital Visual Interface
Older systems aren`t necessarily outdated systems. Although DVI preceded HDMI, it`s still widely used in both business and domestic settings. DVI connectors are designed to handle digital data transmission, incorporating three transmission channels in every connector link. The maximum bandwidth for data transfer is 165 megahertz, which is enough to relay up to 165 million pixels per second. Data is encoded for effective transfer, but a single link can handle around 4.95 gigabits per second of information. Double links can handle twice that amount.
Because a DVI cable carries information over a 165 megahertz bandwidth, complete digital resolution can be obtained. Using double link connectors increases the speed of transmission, but requires another cable. However, not many devices depend solely on a double link DVI, so this technolgy can be used on an as-desired basis.
Types of DVI Connectors
There are three general categories of DVI cable connectors: DVI-Digital (DVI-D), DVI-Integrated (DVI-I), and DVI-Analog (DVI-A). However, most connectors fall into one of the first two groups.
A standard DVI connector is 37 mm wide and has 24 pins, 12 of which are used for a single link connection. When analog is involved, four additional pins are needed to support the additional lines of an analog signal. It is not possible to cross from a digital source to an analog display or vice versa. In those instances, an integrated connector is probably the best option. There are five common types of DVI connectors.
DVI-I Single Link
This kind of connector has three rows, each with six pins. There are two contacts. Because the connector is integrated, it can be used with both analog and digital applications.
DVI-I Dual Link
A DVI-I dual link connector can also be used with both digital and analog applications, but is configured with more pins to accommodate a dual connection. There are three rows with eight pins each, as well as two contacts.
DVI-D Single Link
Specifically designed for digital applications, a DVI-D single link connector has three rows of six pins, and looks much like a DVI-I single link connector. However, a DVI-D connector has no contacts.
DVI-D Dual Link
Also made specifically for digital applications, a DVI-D dual link features more pins (three rows of eight) for dual connections. Like a DVI-D single link, a DVI-D dual link connector has no contacts.
DVI-A
This particular type of connector can only be used for analog applications, and has three rows of pins. One row has five pins, one has four pins, and the last row has three pins. Like single link connectors, a DVI-A link connector has two contacts.
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