——Philips Lumileds Lighting has been engaged in high-power LED business since Lumileds Lighting, LLC. And firmly believe that "solid lighting (Note: LED, etc.) era will come." Please talk about the first impression after visiting this Lighting Fair.
Yamada: The first impression is "amazing." It can be said that 95% of the products in the venue are LEDs. I feel that the era of LED lighting has finally arrived. The trend to stop production and sales of incandescent lamps in Japan in 2012 is also the result of increasing attention to LED lighting.
Just a few years ago, the luminous efficiency of high-power white LEDs was only about 30 lm/W. It is also in a state of "expecting that one day the LED can reach the same 100 lm/W as the fluorescent lamp". Today, we finally have to usher in a moment when 100lm/W becomes a reality. When our products have reached 350mA input current, the luminous flux is 105~110lm, and the luminous efficiency is close to 100lm/W.
——Please tell us about the price of high power LEDs that can be used for lighting. Your company said, "The ultimate goal is to use LEDs instead of fluorescent lamps as the main lighting fixtures." When will the price of "1 yen / lm or less" be achieved?
Yamada: The current price is quite cheap. The total number of LEDs produced by the company has reached several billion. It can be said that the mass production effect is very good. The period of 1 yen / lm is coming soon. It is estimated that the price of the light source will soon be the same as the fluorescent light.
- But the price of LED lighting is still very high. For example, the bulb type LED lamp is about 10,000 yen.
Yamada: The bulb type LED lamp uses about 5 to 6 white LEDs. If you only consider the cost of the light source, it should be around 1,000 yen. When the power supply, the casing, the circuit board, and the heat dissipating components are assembled into a lamp, the selling price becomes 10 times that of the light source. The main reason is that the number of LED lighting fixtures is still very small. The mass production effect in the manufacturing process of the luminaire has not yet been obtained.
- I heard that the industry is discussing the standardization of LED lighting. What kind of standardization is needed?
Yamada: The most important thing is the socket. The socket must be able to effectively dissipate the heat of the light source of the LED illumination. The parts where the existing light source is installed, such as the lamp socket of the installation bulb and the socket of the fluorescent lamp, are all insulated and do not transmit heat from the light source. This configuration is not suitable for LED lighting. Therefore, the LED lamp used in the insertion of the existing light source socket itself must have a large heat dissipating component that can dissipate heat.
When standardizing LED lighting sockets, in addition to the power terminals, metal terminals that emit heat from the lighting fixtures need to be installed. If the heat dissipation design inside the socket is improved, there is no need to install a large heat sink in the LED lamp.
——LED lighting is getting more and more attention, but the number of manufacturers engaged in LED light source chip business does not seem to increase.
Yamada: The manufacturing of LED chips requires a wealth of experience. Especially for crystal growth technology, the accumulation of technology is crucial. If the production line is established only by purchasing crystal growth equipment, the product cannot be produced immediately.
——In addition to the lighting market, LED usage in the backlight market for notebook computers and LCD TVs is expected to increase significantly in the future. Is there a situation where supply is in short supply?
Yamada: Although the demand for LEDs continues to increase, it has not yet reached a two-fold annual growth rate. By investing to increase production scale, it should be able to meet market demand.
——Please introduce the future direction of white LED technology development.
Yamada: Although the luminous efficiency is close to 100lm/W, it is still in the process of technology development. Our goal is to achieve a luminous efficiency of 200 lm/W and an input current of 2A. In terms of luminous efficiency, it is planned to introduce a product with an efficiency of 130 lm/W in the next 1-2 years, and a product of 150 lm/W in three years.
In the future, in order to reduce the cost of LED lighting equipment, it is necessary to reduce the number of LEDs. While reducing the number of LEDs, increase the input current of each LED. However, as the input current is increased, the current density increases and the luminous efficiency decreases. The efficiency is 100lm/W at 350mA input, but when the current is increased to 1A, the luminous efficiency is reduced by about 15%, which is about 85lm/W. By increasing the luminous efficiency to 130 lm/W or 150 lm/W, it is ensured that even if the input current exceeds 1 A, the luminous efficiency can reach 100 lm/W or more.
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