Du Xiangyu, vice president of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, has the largest population in China. Therefore, although per capita energy consumption is much lower than in some developed countries, the total energy demand is large. Moreover, as the economy develops, total energy demand is still increasing. In addition, China's coal-based energy structure, and low energy efficiency, the environmental pollution is becoming increasingly serious. Therefore, the development of green energy is a basic strategy for implementing the scientific development concept, which is of great significance. This has both urgent near-term needs and an important long-term strategy.
China needs to develop three different types of green energy:
First, saving energy and improving energy efficiency is a huge and cheap high-quality energy source, and it is a zero-pollution green energy source.
In the 15 years from 1990 to 2005, China's energy consumption per unit of GDP has decreased by nearly 50%. However, the energy consumption per unit of high-energy industry is still 40% higher than the international advanced level; the total efficiency of the energy system is half lower than the international level. It is because of the waste that we have seen the potential for energy conservation. Energy conservation is both an urgent need and a long-term strategy.
To implement energy conservation, on the one hand, we must change our mindset. Really good and fast, not as fast as possible. Too fast growth will stimulate the exploitation and utilization of extensive energy, so it is necessary to scientifically control the growth rate of GDP, and take more effective measures to prevent the tendency of “quickly overheatingâ€.
On the other hand, it is necessary to build an energy-saving institutional system. Need a strong “energy conservation law†and feasible implementation measures; formulate corresponding policies, regulations, standards, supervision mechanisms and accountability systems, and use economic, administrative, technical and ideological and public opinion methods to make energy conservation on the legal system. At the same time, the track has made energy conservation a social culture that is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people; the government has guided and market-led, thus mobilizing the internal driving force for energy conservation and emission reduction of enterprises and units, and earnestly implementing the policy of “new industrialization roadâ€.
The third aspect is to build an energy-saving and efficient production system supported by the technical security system and transform the economic development mode. The specific measures for energy conservation include: 1. Adjusting the industrial structure, adjusting the secondary production, and developing the tertiary production; 2. Industrial energy conservation, shutting down, stopping high energy consumption, high pollution, backward enterprises, eliminating backward productivity, transforming boilers, motors, etc., and improving energy efficiency. And the development of circular economy; 3, building energy conservation, such as vigorously promoting the integration of solar energy buildings, with strong measures to promote low-energy buildings; 4, transportation energy conservation, development of new energy-saving emission reduction vehicles; 5, lighting energy, including the promotion of energy-saving lamps, LED, etc., to accelerate the localization and marketization of LED epitaxy, chip and packaging technology, it is expected that semiconductor lighting engineering will make a revolutionary contribution to energy conservation; 6. Government agencies take the lead in energy conservation, with important demonstration and exemplary role, suggestion Focus on energy conservation, fuel economy, water conservation, etc., do a good job in energy measurement, strengthen target responsibility, and accept social supervision; 7. Quantify the goals of energy conservation, efficiency improvement, and emission reduction to all localities and enterprises, and implement publicity. Reporting system and accountability system; 8. Do a good job in energy-saving product certification and market access system.
The fourth aspect is to build a conservation-oriented consumer system. In the whole society, it advocates the lifestyle of “appropriate material consumption and rich spiritual pursuit†and opposes the bad atmosphere of “contrast luxuryâ€. China's per capita energy consumption, per capita car number, per capita sewage discharge, and energy consumption per unit of building area must be controlled to be significantly lower than the international level. This is the inevitable connotation of a "conservative society" and an inevitable requirement for innovating China's economic development model. Improving the national economy, environmental awareness and scientific quality is a great measure for China's sustainable development.
Second, the development of renewable energy, nuclear energy and other new green energy.
China's renewable energy resources are abundant, some technologies have matured, and some technologies will mature through research and development. In the long run, the proportion of clean renewable energy in China's energy is by no means a "cup of water," but it will be important. Developing renewable energy is the right strategic choice for China's energy and environment.
The renewable energy and development potential available in China are as follows: 1. The development potential of China's hydropower is estimated to reach 2 billion kW in 2020; 2. Wind power is a renewable energy source with very industrial prospects in China. Improve technology to reduce costs, the installed capacity in 2020 is expected to exceed 30 million kilowatts; 3, China's solar energy resources are rich, and is making breakthroughs in technology to improve market competitiveness. It is estimated that by 2020, the solar heat collection area will reach 300 million square meters, the annual replacement of fossil energy 40 million tons of standard coal, solar photovoltaic power generation will reach several million kilowatts; 4, China's non-grain agricultural, forestry waste and wasteland planting Crop and garbage-based biomass energy resources are abundant. The main development directions are: biogas, biomass power generation, bioethanol, biodiesel, biomass pellet fuel, etc. Waste combustion or other means of resource utilization is also an important direction. Whether waste disposal is appropriate is a major event in our country.
As we all know, China has promulgated the "Renewable Energy Law" and a number of supporting policies to support the development of renewable energy. The development of renewable energy must also be able to "do not compete with people for food, not compete with food, and not damage the ecological environment." It should be pointed out that the development of renewable energy should pay attention to local conditions, scientific development, and comprehensive feasibility demonstration of technology, economy and environment. It is estimated that by 2010, renewable energy will account for more than 10% of China's total energy, and will exceed 16% by 2020. There will be greater development in the future.
In addition, China has clearly defined the policy of actively developing nuclear energy, and currently mainly develops PWR power plants based on nuclear fission. It is estimated that by 2020, nuclear power installed capacity will reach 40 million kilowatts, accounting for 4% of the country's total electricity.
Third, promote the clean technology of coal, so that the black energy of coal is green.
Unlike the world's energy structure, coal contributes more than two-thirds of China's energy mix. In the next few decades, the energy structure will be optimized, and the percentage of coal in energy will decline, but the absolute amount will still rise. For a long time, coal is still the largest energy source in China. Therefore, it is necessary to change the current use of low-efficiency and high-polluting emissions of coal to make it clean and green, and gradually become a green energy source. The clean utilization technology of coal is one of the most crucial strategic measures to achieve a win-win situation for energy and environment in China, and should be upgraded to the strategic position of “national policyâ€.
We should start from the following four aspects: in the current thermal power station, vigorously promote desulfurization, denitrification technology, pollution emission control technology; improve coal combustion efficiency, strengthen the application of supercritical and ultra-supercritical thermal power generation technology, eliminate backward generator sets China's million kilowatt ultra-supercritical generator sets have been successfully operated. The boiler efficiency, unit thermal efficiency, energy saving and emission reduction targets have reached advanced levels, and it is worthy of vigorous promotion; strengthening the research and development and promotion of circulating bed coal combustion technology, China has developed independent knowledge. The circulating bed design technology of property rights can realize the clean combustion of coal and control the pollution discharge. The domestic circulating bed has realized the design of 300 MW boiler, has run more than 200 sets, is developing 600 MW supercritical circulating bed, this is An important development direction; research and development of carbon capture and storage and integrated gasification combined cycle technology (CCS-IGCC) and a combination of the two, carbon dioxide capture and collection can use three methods of post-combustion system, pre-combustion system and oxygen combustion, Then convert it to a liquid, solid compound or inject it into a subterranean formation (or use it). Demonstration project. IGCC combines coal gasification and purification technology with high-efficiency combined cycle power generation. It is a way to achieve efficient and clean utilization of coal by physical-chemical methods. The use of CCS in IGCC may make IGCC a very low-emission power generation system in the future. The best way, this is something that our researchers and companies are trying to do. There are many technical approaches to the clean utilization of coal, which require more powerful R&D and promotion measures to formulate specific quantitative development goals.
By developing the above three different types of green energy, in the next few decades, we can not only solve the problem of China's energy demand, but also significantly change the structure of China's energy, and gradually green it to achieve "resource-saving and environment." The requirements of a friendly society contribute to the sustainable development of the country! Source: Economic Daily
China needs to develop three different types of green energy:
First, saving energy and improving energy efficiency is a huge and cheap high-quality energy source, and it is a zero-pollution green energy source.
In the 15 years from 1990 to 2005, China's energy consumption per unit of GDP has decreased by nearly 50%. However, the energy consumption per unit of high-energy industry is still 40% higher than the international advanced level; the total efficiency of the energy system is half lower than the international level. It is because of the waste that we have seen the potential for energy conservation. Energy conservation is both an urgent need and a long-term strategy.
To implement energy conservation, on the one hand, we must change our mindset. Really good and fast, not as fast as possible. Too fast growth will stimulate the exploitation and utilization of extensive energy, so it is necessary to scientifically control the growth rate of GDP, and take more effective measures to prevent the tendency of “quickly overheatingâ€.
On the other hand, it is necessary to build an energy-saving institutional system. Need a strong “energy conservation law†and feasible implementation measures; formulate corresponding policies, regulations, standards, supervision mechanisms and accountability systems, and use economic, administrative, technical and ideological and public opinion methods to make energy conservation on the legal system. At the same time, the track has made energy conservation a social culture that is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people; the government has guided and market-led, thus mobilizing the internal driving force for energy conservation and emission reduction of enterprises and units, and earnestly implementing the policy of “new industrialization roadâ€.
The third aspect is to build an energy-saving and efficient production system supported by the technical security system and transform the economic development mode. The specific measures for energy conservation include: 1. Adjusting the industrial structure, adjusting the secondary production, and developing the tertiary production; 2. Industrial energy conservation, shutting down, stopping high energy consumption, high pollution, backward enterprises, eliminating backward productivity, transforming boilers, motors, etc., and improving energy efficiency. And the development of circular economy; 3, building energy conservation, such as vigorously promoting the integration of solar energy buildings, with strong measures to promote low-energy buildings; 4, transportation energy conservation, development of new energy-saving emission reduction vehicles; 5, lighting energy, including the promotion of energy-saving lamps, LED, etc., to accelerate the localization and marketization of LED epitaxy, chip and packaging technology, it is expected that semiconductor lighting engineering will make a revolutionary contribution to energy conservation; 6. Government agencies take the lead in energy conservation, with important demonstration and exemplary role, suggestion Focus on energy conservation, fuel economy, water conservation, etc., do a good job in energy measurement, strengthen target responsibility, and accept social supervision; 7. Quantify the goals of energy conservation, efficiency improvement, and emission reduction to all localities and enterprises, and implement publicity. Reporting system and accountability system; 8. Do a good job in energy-saving product certification and market access system.
The fourth aspect is to build a conservation-oriented consumer system. In the whole society, it advocates the lifestyle of “appropriate material consumption and rich spiritual pursuit†and opposes the bad atmosphere of “contrast luxuryâ€. China's per capita energy consumption, per capita car number, per capita sewage discharge, and energy consumption per unit of building area must be controlled to be significantly lower than the international level. This is the inevitable connotation of a "conservative society" and an inevitable requirement for innovating China's economic development model. Improving the national economy, environmental awareness and scientific quality is a great measure for China's sustainable development.
Second, the development of renewable energy, nuclear energy and other new green energy.
China's renewable energy resources are abundant, some technologies have matured, and some technologies will mature through research and development. In the long run, the proportion of clean renewable energy in China's energy is by no means a "cup of water," but it will be important. Developing renewable energy is the right strategic choice for China's energy and environment.
The renewable energy and development potential available in China are as follows: 1. The development potential of China's hydropower is estimated to reach 2 billion kW in 2020; 2. Wind power is a renewable energy source with very industrial prospects in China. Improve technology to reduce costs, the installed capacity in 2020 is expected to exceed 30 million kilowatts; 3, China's solar energy resources are rich, and is making breakthroughs in technology to improve market competitiveness. It is estimated that by 2020, the solar heat collection area will reach 300 million square meters, the annual replacement of fossil energy 40 million tons of standard coal, solar photovoltaic power generation will reach several million kilowatts; 4, China's non-grain agricultural, forestry waste and wasteland planting Crop and garbage-based biomass energy resources are abundant. The main development directions are: biogas, biomass power generation, bioethanol, biodiesel, biomass pellet fuel, etc. Waste combustion or other means of resource utilization is also an important direction. Whether waste disposal is appropriate is a major event in our country.
As we all know, China has promulgated the "Renewable Energy Law" and a number of supporting policies to support the development of renewable energy. The development of renewable energy must also be able to "do not compete with people for food, not compete with food, and not damage the ecological environment." It should be pointed out that the development of renewable energy should pay attention to local conditions, scientific development, and comprehensive feasibility demonstration of technology, economy and environment. It is estimated that by 2010, renewable energy will account for more than 10% of China's total energy, and will exceed 16% by 2020. There will be greater development in the future.
In addition, China has clearly defined the policy of actively developing nuclear energy, and currently mainly develops PWR power plants based on nuclear fission. It is estimated that by 2020, nuclear power installed capacity will reach 40 million kilowatts, accounting for 4% of the country's total electricity.
Third, promote the clean technology of coal, so that the black energy of coal is green.
Unlike the world's energy structure, coal contributes more than two-thirds of China's energy mix. In the next few decades, the energy structure will be optimized, and the percentage of coal in energy will decline, but the absolute amount will still rise. For a long time, coal is still the largest energy source in China. Therefore, it is necessary to change the current use of low-efficiency and high-polluting emissions of coal to make it clean and green, and gradually become a green energy source. The clean utilization technology of coal is one of the most crucial strategic measures to achieve a win-win situation for energy and environment in China, and should be upgraded to the strategic position of “national policyâ€.
We should start from the following four aspects: in the current thermal power station, vigorously promote desulfurization, denitrification technology, pollution emission control technology; improve coal combustion efficiency, strengthen the application of supercritical and ultra-supercritical thermal power generation technology, eliminate backward generator sets China's million kilowatt ultra-supercritical generator sets have been successfully operated. The boiler efficiency, unit thermal efficiency, energy saving and emission reduction targets have reached advanced levels, and it is worthy of vigorous promotion; strengthening the research and development and promotion of circulating bed coal combustion technology, China has developed independent knowledge. The circulating bed design technology of property rights can realize the clean combustion of coal and control the pollution discharge. The domestic circulating bed has realized the design of 300 MW boiler, has run more than 200 sets, is developing 600 MW supercritical circulating bed, this is An important development direction; research and development of carbon capture and storage and integrated gasification combined cycle technology (CCS-IGCC) and a combination of the two, carbon dioxide capture and collection can use three methods of post-combustion system, pre-combustion system and oxygen combustion, Then convert it to a liquid, solid compound or inject it into a subterranean formation (or use it). Demonstration project. IGCC combines coal gasification and purification technology with high-efficiency combined cycle power generation. It is a way to achieve efficient and clean utilization of coal by physical-chemical methods. The use of CCS in IGCC may make IGCC a very low-emission power generation system in the future. The best way, this is something that our researchers and companies are trying to do. There are many technical approaches to the clean utilization of coal, which require more powerful R&D and promotion measures to formulate specific quantitative development goals.
By developing the above three different types of green energy, in the next few decades, we can not only solve the problem of China's energy demand, but also significantly change the structure of China's energy, and gradually green it to achieve "resource-saving and environment." The requirements of a friendly society contribute to the sustainable development of the country! Source: Economic Daily
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