Since the birth of Watson and Crick's DNA double helix model, biology has entered a new era. In the biological world, it must be DNA, and the law must be centered. The extraction of DNA has become the field of biomedicine. With the rapid development of genetic diagnosis, genetically modified food testing, and personalized medicine, the current nucleic acid extraction technology can no longer meet the needs of today's biotechnology, and it is urgent to have high throughput. , automated nucleic acid extraction methods. In this context, magnetic bead nucleic acid extraction came into being.
Magnetic beads are used for nucleic acid extraction. Biomagnetic beads refer to superparamagnetic microspheres with a fine particle size, which generally have superior paramagnetism.
1. It can accumulate rapidly in the magnetic field, and it can help the magnetic separation to be evenly dispersed after leaving the magnetic field.
2. Having a suitable and small difference in particle size ensures a sufficiently strong magnetic response without sedimentation.
3, has a rich surface active group, so that it can be coupled with biochemical substances, and under the action of external magnetic field to achieve separation from the sample to be tested.
Magnetic beads extraction nucleic acid advantages
Magnetic bead nucleic acid extraction has the advantages that traditional DNA extraction methods can't match, mainly reflected in:
1. It can realize automatic and large-scale operation. At present, there is a 96-well nucleic acid automatic extractor, which can realize the processing of 96 samples with the extraction time of one sample, which meets the requirements of biological high-throughput operation and makes it infectious. The ability to respond quickly and promptly when a disease breaks out makes this traditional method unattainable;
2, the operation is simple, the use time is short, the whole extraction process is only four steps, most of which can be completed within 36-40 minutes;
3, safe and non-toxic, do not use benzene, chloroform and other toxic reagents in the traditional method, the damage to the experimental operators is minimized, fully in line with the modern environmental protection concept;
4. The specific binding of the magnetic beads to the nucleic acid makes the extracted nucleic acid high in purity and concentration.
Compared with the traditional separation method, the magnetic beads are used for the separation of the complex components of the biochemical sample, which can simultaneously perform separation and enrichment, effectively improve the separation speed and enrichment efficiency, and also make the sensitivity of the analysis and detection. Huge improvements.
Principle of nucleic acid extraction by magnetic beads
According to the same principle as the silica gel membrane spin column, the surface of the superparamagnetic nanoparticle was modified and surface modified by nanotechnology to prepare a superparamagnetic silica nanobead. The magnetic beads are capable of specifically recognizing and efficiently binding to nucleic acid molecules at a microscopic interface. Using the superparamagnetism of silica nanospheres, DNA can be isolated from blood, animal tissues, food, pathogenic microorganisms, etc. under the action of Chaotropic salts (guanidine hydrochloride, guanidinium isothiocyanate, etc.) and an external magnetic field. RNA can be used in various fields such as clinical disease diagnosis, blood transfusion safety, forensic identification, environmental microbial detection, food safety testing, and molecular biology research.
Magnetic bead nucleic acid extraction step
1, lysis: destroy the cell structure, so that the DNA is fully free;
2. Combination: adding magnetic bead binding solution to combine DNA with magnetic beads;
3. Washing: using washing liquid to remove residual impurities;
4. Elution: Separation of DNA and magnetic beads to obtain a high quality DNA solution.
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