On November 15, 2017, modern virtual reality is a feast for the senses, at least for two of the senses. Benjy Li, a postdoctoral researcher at Stanford’s Virtual Interactive Lab, said: “Visual and auditory have always been a major part of the VR environment.” Now, tactile feedback is starting to support basic touch, but the next technological breakthrough in VR is likely to appear in your Your nose (and/or mouth).

It is not a completely new concept to enhance artistic performance through scent. This is a gimmick that has repeatedly failed. In 1959, the Aromarama projection system first appeared in our vision through the film Behind The Great Wall. This system can emit odors through the air conditioning system of the theater and change the odor every 90 seconds. However, the "New York Times" did not buy it, and wrote in the film critics that this is only a "gimmick."

Bosley Crowther, a famous New York Times film critic, wrote at the time: “The artistic benefits here are zero. Despite the scent floating in the theater, but as the film progresses, you are more or less It is expected that the odor can be matched to a specific scene accordingly, but the accuracy of the odor is not accurate, at least to say, the sensation flow from the odor-tape is very irregular.

The cold market reaction to Aromarama has not prevented the industry from continuing to explore similar systems. A few weeks later, the system called "Smell-O-Vision" appeared along with the movie "Mysterious Smell." Unlike Aromarama, the "Smell-O-Vision" system has a diffuser under the seat of the audience. The film’s propaganda slogans wrote: “At first they moved (1895)! Then they began to speak (1927)! Now they have taste!”. But just like Aromarama, a few weeks ago, the public was dismissive of "Smell-O-Vision." In the end, this odor system only became a talking point for people discussing the history of film technology.

The scent movie made a comeback in 1981 when director John Waters released the film "Polyester." The film uses Odorama technology, and the audience just thinks it is slightly better than the DigiScents iSmell device in 2001. In fact, the famous PC magazine "PC World" once listed Odorama as "one of the 25 worst products in history." iSmell is a desktop device that connects to a personal computer via USB. When you visit a specific site such as Chanel, the system will produce one of 128 odors. However, iSmell suffered from the frantic market, and this made the device never break the prototype stage.

But what has changed with the technological advancement after 16 years? Whether it is based on smartphones or PC/host computers, VR headsets are beginning to become household products. As this medium becomes more and more popular, the need for more immersive implementation will follow.

Li explained: “One thing about virtual reality is that it allows users to feel that they are on the ground, and we call it a “presence.” When users respond to higher levels of presence, we see that VR can bring Greater influence."

Li's research team led by the Nanyang Technological University in Singapore recently submitted a research report on how VR foods will affect one's eating behavior. Li said: “Because this article is under review, I cannot reveal too many details now. But we have found that adding these two senses (smells and tastes) to the experience will affect people’s sense of satiety.”

With the help of odor and taste, the therapeutic effect can be multiplied. For example, the smell of gunpowder can be used to treat PTSD, or to create a calming effect through the lavender odor. Looking to the future, Li hopes that he can deceive the brain through virtual reality technology to make humans and the earth more healthy.

He said: "If one day I can show you a steak with scent and taste in VR, and you can cut a steak, feel its tenderness and enjoy every bit of beef, what will happen? But in reality In life, 'steak' is made from botanical ingredients."

This has become a reality. Vocktail. Developed by the National University of Singapore, Nimesha Ranasinghe and his team, the Vocktail can deceive the senses with light, smell, and “virtual” flavors, allowing the liquid (even tap water) in the cup to taste like anything.

Ranasinghe pointed out: “Our approach is to enhance the taste experience of the beverage by superimposing external sensory stimuli. In Vocktail, we covered the feeling of color, taste and odor to create a tunable taste experience. Users can also experiment Create new flavors. For example, you want to try a chocolate or strawberry mojito cocktail.”

The device is like a martini cup attached to the base. The base has hidden electronics, three odor tubes, a miniature air pump and an LED light, and a pair of electrodes is located on the edge of the cup. When the odor cartridge starts to mix and release different odors, the LED will change the color of the liquid. Ranasinghe explained: “We can insert new odors easily, which is similar to ink cartridges on inkjet printers.”

The role of the electrodes? They will release a gentle current to the tongue, resulting in a "virtualized taste." By changing the current intensity, Vocktail can simulate salty, bitter, and sweet. Specifically, 180 μA is sweet, 80 μA is bitter, and 40 μA is salty.

Ranasinghe said: “We want to bring it to the bar. How many times have you tried to drink at the bar? You want the wine to be a bit more sour, or have a hint of mint or vanilla.” But before that, Ranasinghe and his team wanted to design Create methods that simulate other aspects of the beverage, such as bubbles or temperature.

Project Nourished is working on similar settings, and they are combining heads-up, aromatic diffusers, bone conduction headphones, virtual cutlery, and 3D printed foods to simulate virtually any type of food. Their official website wrote: "Imagine being able to dine in your favorite storybook or movie world and enjoy the extravagant food."

This virtual food fantasy even inspired the adult entertainment industry. Adult entertainment site Camsoda has developed a VR perfume machine called OhRoma. This $200 device can enhance the VR experience with 30 different odors.

A performer, Victoria Ryan, said in an interview with the Huffington Post in January: “Many people watching the show told me, 'Scorpio, I really hope I can smell your fragrance'.”

Daryn Parker, CamSoda's deputy director, said: “The taste can really mobilize the audience. The model can choose a series of odors in the application to create a specific atmosphere for the performance, from sweetness, to fruity flavor, to deeper. Musk, in short, everything that meets the taste of sex."

In order to make the experience more realistic, Camsoda is also developing a sensor that can actively detect the odor of the model room and adjust the output of OhRoma accordingly. Parker pointed out: "This is the biggest technical challenge at the moment, but it is exactly what users really want."

The company is also working with adult toy manufacturers such as Lovense to increase interactivity for VR experiences. Parker speculates that in the future all the tools that can improve tactile sensations will be incorporated into the experience, such as adult dolls, just as OhRoma can enhance odors.

However, it is not without risks that the VR is constantly being made more realistic. Li explained: “The point about virtual reality is that sometimes these experiences will become so realistic and the negative impact will increase significantly. We have heard about sexual harassment in the VR experience, the victims’ trauma and real life. The situation is similar. When realistic VR games are found in the market in the future, realistic violence VR games may have a negative impact on players."

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